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Inland marine" is a rather misleading name for a type of
coverage used to protect high risk, mobile items that
are not covered by your plain-vanilla
commercial property
policies. Inland marine
coverage for a business can protect your valuable tools,
for example, if you're a mechanic or tradesman, artwork
if you operate a gallery, or a jeweler's inventory.
It's designed to cover movable property wherever it may
be located and may be written on an all-risk,
open-perils or named-perils form. Special policy
floaters can cover such diverse items as bicycles,
cameras, fine art, furs, jewelry, livestock, and
equipment of all sorts.
The derivation of the name for this kind of coverage has
been attributed to Lloyd's of London. Many, many years
ago, Lloyd's carried what was known as "marine"
insurance on all the cargo of incoming and outgoing
ships for British ports. The legend holds that a couple
of members of the firm, while sitting in a pub, were
discussing how they could continue to insure the cargoes
after they reached port and were shipped over land to
their ultimate destinations, thus hopefully doubling
their business. One of them noted that "marine"
insurance wouldn't quite do to describe this new
wrinkle, whereupon his drinking buddy suggested "inland
marine" as being a more accurate label. And a new class
of coverage was born!
But there's also another rendition of how Inland Marine
got its name. In the 1800s, the non-ocean portion of the
journey grew as cargoes were transferred to barges, and
the term "inland marine" was coined. Inland marine
policies became known as "floaters" since the property
to which coverage was originally extended was
essentially "floating" on a barge.
And yet other definitions of Inland Marine coverage can
be found in the NILS (formerly the National Insurance
Law Service) glossary:
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Coverage for property that involves an
element of transportation. The property must be
actually in transit, held by a bailee, at a fixed
location that is an instrument of transportation, or
be a movable type of goods that is often at different
locations.
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Transportation of goods over land. The
term now includes any goods in transit anywhere except
on the high seas. Bridges and tunnels are also
considered proper subjects for inland marine
insurance, because they are instruments of
transportation.
But as a practical matter, the most important thing to
remember about inland marine insurance is that it covers
property in transit or mobile property, whereas standard
property insurance normally covers items located within
100 feet of a specific physical address.
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